WHY THIS MATTERS IN BRIEF Molecular sized robots already exist, in nature and in the lab, but now the ones in the labs are getting smart and organised and that could change many things … Love the Exponential Future? Join our XPotential Community, future proof yourself with courses...
Molecular sized robots already exist, in nature and in the lab, but now the ones in the labs are getting smart and organised and that could change many things …
Swarm robotics is a budding field concerned with the use of multiple autonomous robots for performing a particular function, but so far all the robots involved in these projects have been “large” and conventionally sized. Now though for the first time, a group of scientists at Hokkaido University, Japan, have demonstrated that a swarm of molecular robots, like the ones which helped create what could easily be argued as the world’s first true molecular assembler, can be used to deliver cargo showing that these teeny tiny robots can collaborate with one another to complete tasks. The research could also have interesting applications in the emerging fields of molecular electronics and molecular computing, as well as many others …
The demonstration marks a landmark moment in the field, as the molecular robots developed by the team of researchers in Japan are claimed as the world’s first working micro-sized machines capable of swarming together. Some five million robotic units were constructed by the researchers, and together, the robots successfully transported polystyrene beads having diameters as large as 30 micrometers.
A single unit could only carry beads of sizes up to three micrometers, but with the robots working together, they can achieve much more – which is why researchers are so interested in developing these collaborative swarms of molecular robots.
A molecular robot is essentially a system that converts energy obtained from an external source (such as light, electricity, or a chemical) into motion. The molecular robots constructed by scientists at Hokkaido University are basically biological molecular machines.
Professor Akira Kakugo, who led the demonstration alongside Dr. Mousumi Akter, told ZME Science that a molecular robot is an integrated system “formed through the combination of different molecular parts or devices that may work as actuators, processors, and sensors.” In this case, the actuator that propels the robots is kinesin (a protein), DNA is the compressor, and an organic photoactive molecule (azobenzene) acts as a sensor.
In the presence of visible light, azobenzene directs the DNA to form double strands and initiates swarm formation with the microtubules (exposure to UV light can dissociate the swarm). Meanwhile, Kinesin motors transport the microtubules.
While explaining the swarm formation, Professor Kakugo emphasized the role that DNA plays in the system: “DNA plays one of the main roles as the swarming of these molecular robots was realized by utilizing the molecular recognition ability of the DNAs in controlling their local interactions.”
The researchers compared the transport distance and transport volume covered by a single robot and the swarm separately and found out that the efficiency of swarms was five times greater than that of the single molecular unit.
But this is only the beginning for the research team. After successfully demonstrating the transportation ability of their micro-machines, the scientists at Hokkaido University now look forward to adding more powerful sensors and introducing artificial intelligence in the molecular swarm system so that the micro-robots could have strong eyesight and perform multiple complex tasks together. Professor Kakugo explained that the next step is to make the robots smarter:
“We believe it is also possible to introduce brain-like units or artificial intelligence to these robots by adding multiple molecular units such as a molecular reservoir system or molecular computing system, or sensors and that is our next step,” the researcher explains.
Kakugo and his team believe that molecular robots have great potential. In the near future, they could be used as an effective means to transport cargo, deliver drugs, collect micro-contaminants from the environment, and assemble nano-parts. Moreover, such robotic swarms can also benefit molecular power-generation devices and micro-devices which detect pathogens.
There is no doubt that molecular robot swarms can transform industries like healthcare and robotics. The demonstration by Dr. Akter, Professor Kakugo, and their team is a fantastic start in this direction. However, the development and implementation of highly-efficient molecular robots are much more complicated than that of life-sized robots. So it would be interesting to see which kind of robots first become mainstream in the future — the swarms or the “droid” types.
Matthew Griffin, described as “The Adviser behind the Advisers” and a “Young Kurzweil,” is the founder and CEO of the World Futures Forum and the 311 Institute, a global Futures and Deep Futures consultancy working between the dates of 2020 to 2070, and is an award winning futurist, and author of “Codex of the Future” series.
Regularly featured in the global media, including AP, BBC, Bloomberg, CNBC, Discovery, RT, Viacom, and WIRED, Matthew’s ability to identify, track, and explain the impacts of hundreds of revolutionary emerging technologies on global culture, industry and society, is unparalleled. Recognised for the past six years as one of the world’s foremost futurists, innovation and strategy experts Matthew is an international speaker who helps governments, investors, multi-nationals and regulators around the world envision, build and lead an inclusive, sustainable future.
A rare talent Matthew’s recent work includes mentoring Lunar XPrize teams, re-envisioning global education and training with the G20, and helping the world’s largest organisations envision and ideate the future of their products and services, industries, and countries.
Matthew's clients include three Prime Ministers and several governments, including the G7, Accenture, Aon, Bain & Co, BCG, Credit Suisse, Dell EMC, Dentons, Deloitte, E&Y, GEMS, Huawei, JPMorgan Chase, KPMG, Lego, McKinsey, PWC, Qualcomm, SAP, Samsung, Sopra Steria, T-Mobile, and many more.
FANATICALFUTURIST PODCAST! Hear about ALL the latest futures news and breakthroughs!SUBSCRIBE
EXPLORE MORE!
1000's of articles about the exponential future, 1000's of pages of insights, 1000's of videos, and 100's of exponential technologies: Get The Email from 311, your no-nonsense briefing on all the biggest stories in exponential technology and science.